Diagrams

• Correspondent Tie-Up Agreement
  Visual guide to correspondent tie-up agreements in cross-border payments.
• Cross-Border Payments with Stablecoins: MSB to MSB Payments using Stablecoins
  The 'MSB to MSB stablecoin payments' model has emerged as the definitive solution for the 'Liquidity Gap' in cross-border remittances. While traditional correspondent banking (SWIFT) can take 48 hours to settle, stablecoin-based B2B transfers settle in minutes. For Money Services Businesses (MSBs), this means capital is no longer trapped in 'Pre-funding' accounts across the globe.
• FBO Account Model: Pooled vs Non-Pooled
  FBO Account Model is the single most important decision for a fintech’s risk profile. An FBO (For Benefit Of) account is a custodial account where a Licensed Principal or Bank Sponsor holds money on behalf of third parties. The choice between a 'Pooled' model—where all user funds sit in one massive account—and a 'Non-Pooled' model where each user or affiliate has a dedicated sub-account determines your compliance workload and FDIC pass-through eligibility.
• Fund Flow for a generic Money Transfer Operator
  MTO Fund Flow is the blueprint of a successful remittance business. For a generic Money Transfer Operator, the fund flow is a complex orchestration of three distinct ledgers: the Customer’s Bank, the MTO’s FBO Account, and the Payout Partner’s Pre-funded Ledger.
• Funds Flow for Generic Money Transfer Operator with Just in Time Prefunding
  MTO Fund Flow with JIT Prefunding is the definitive solution for the 'Liquidity Trap' in cross-border payments. Traditionally, a Money Transfer Operator (MTO) had to keep hundreds of thousands of dollars 'sitting idle' in foreign bank accounts just to ensure instant payouts. With the 'Just-in-Time' (JIT) model, the fund flow is dynamic. When a customer initiates a transfer, the MTO’s treasury engine—integrated with a high-speed settlement rail like a Stablecoin, FedNow, or an Instant SWIFT bridge moves the exact amount (plus a small buffer) to the payout partner in real-time.
• Funds Flow: Crowd Funding Website (International Payments)
  International Crowdfunding Fund Flow: Learn how to manage cross-border payments, FBO escrow accounts, and AML compliance for your global platform.
• Licensing in the UK by the FCA for SPI, API, and EMI
  Under the Payment Services Regulations (PSR) and Electronic Money Regulations (EMR), the FCA offers three distinct tiers: the Small Payment Institution (SPI), the Authorized Payment Institution (API), and the Electronic Money Institution (EMI). Choosing the wrong license can lead to a 'Growth Ceiling' or an 'Compliance Overload.
• MSB Banking in Canada: PSP Based Model for Access to Banking in Canada
  MSB Banking in Canada' is no longer the uphill battle it once was, thanks to the emergence of the 'PSP Based Model.' Historically, Canadian MSBs faced aggressive de-risking from Schedule I banks. Today, the Retail Payment Activities Act (RPAA) has created a regulated framework where Payment Service Providers (PSPs) can act as 'Banking Gateways' for smaller MSBs.
• Money Transmitter License Options
  Money Transmitter License Options available to a fintech founder have expanded beyond traditional state-by-state licensing. While holding your own Money Transmitter License (MTL) offers ultimate control and valuation, the capital requirement exceeding $5M for a full US rollout is a significant barrier.
• Risk-Based Model for Transaction Fee for Cross-Border Payments
  The 'Risk-Based Model for Transaction Fees' has become the industry standard for sustainable cross-border payments. For an MTO (Money Transfer Operator), pricing is no longer just about 'Margin over FX'; it’s about 'Risk-Adjusted Revenue.' By implementing a dynamic fee structure, platforms can charge a premium for high-risk corridors (like those under FATF Grey-List scrutiny) while offering competitive rates for low-risk, digital-first flows.