How do you determine which gift cards have been issued in the United States and/or which store has issued them?

Determining the origin of a gift card is a vital step for secure cash conversion and fraud prevention. By analyzing the 8-digit Bank Identification Number (BIN), users can accurately identify the issuing institution and the country of issuance, such as the United States. This guide explores the ISO/IEC 7812 standard, the difference between open-loop network cards and closed-loop merchant cards, and how to use BIN lookup tools to verify card provenance.